What the heck: "i" wrote: This explains all of the anthropic problems. 1) The flatness problem, without inflationary theory, gets resolved because big bangs are a periodic effort toward absolute symmetry that results in a slightly more symmetrical structure, (more "flat"). But there is an inherent imbalance which necessarily prevents the absolute from ever being attained. 2) The Horizon Problem without inflationary theory. There is no horizon problem if the universe has certain volume when time restarts with a big bang. There is no conflict with the CMBR if the universe is causally connected when the universe has a big bang. 3) Monopoles are not expected, i.e., there is no need for "rethermalization", etc... 4) The Asymmetry Problem and so-on... http://www.lns.cornell.edu/spr/2006-02/msg0073320.html These are simple solutions that become obvious once you honestly admit that an anthropic cosmological principle can define the ToE since it explains why the forces can't be unified. Why I can't make people see that this is important enough to merrit further investigation... I'll never know, probably until I die...